What should be monitored to prevent cognitive impairment during nitrogen exposure?

To prevent cognitive impairment during nitrogen exposure, it is essential to monitor oxygen levels and dive duration. Nitrox diving involves the use of a gas mixture that has a higher percentage of oxygen compared to standard air, which allows divers to extend their bottom time while reducing nitrogen intake.

Monitoring oxygen levels is crucial because elevated oxygen levels can lead to toxicity, particularly at greater depths, where higher pressures can increase the oxygen's partial pressure. Exceeding the maximum operational depth for a particular mix can result in adverse effects on the central nervous system, leading to cognitive impairment.

In addition to oxygen levels, diving duration plays a significant role in preventing nitrogen narcosis, which can cause cognitive impairment. Prolonged exposure to nitrogen can increase the risk of narcosis, especially at deeper depths, where the effects of nitrogen become more pronounced. By managing both the time spent underwater and the balance of gases, divers can mitigate risks associated with cognitive impairment during their dives.

Understanding the interplay between these factors is crucial for maintaining safety during nitrox dives, highlighting why oxygen levels and dive duration must be closely monitored.